May all foreigners apply for a social scholarship?

No.

The right granted to foreigners to apply for state-funded scholarships and grants (including maintenance grants) depends on e.g. the date of commencement of studies and the type of residence document in Poland.

ATTENTION! Additionally, in connection with the war in Ukraine: social scholarship may be also applied for by the citizen of Ukraine, whose residence on the territory of the Republic of Poland is recognized as legal pursuant to art. 2 sec. 1 of the Act of 12 March 2022 on assistance for citizens of Ukraine in connection with armed conflict on the territory of that country (he/she arrived legally on the territory of the Republic of Poland, in connection with military operations, in the period from 24 February 2022 until the date determined by the Council of Ministers in a regulation) and who declares an intention to stay on the territory of the Republic of Poland - subject to art.2. His/her stay shall be considered legal for a period of 18 months counting from 24 February 2022.
The aforementioned provision remains effective until 30 September 2025.

Foreigners (non-nationals) who started their studies in the academic year 2019/2020 or later have the right to apply for the rector’s scholarship following the principles defined in Article 324 of the Act of 20 July 2018 - Law on Higher Education and Science.
Article 324 section 3: 
3. A maintenance grant may be applied for by foreigners (non-nationals) referred to in Article 324 section 2 of said act: 
1) items 1 and 1a:
a) who are self-employed or work as employees referred to in Article 2, item 5 and 7 of the Act of 14 July 2006 on entering the territory of the Republic of Poland, residence in, and departure from this territory of nationals of Member States of the European Union and their family members (Journal of Laws of the Republic of Poland of 2021, item 1697), 
(b) who retain the right of residence in the cases referred to in Article 17 of the act referred to in letter a,(c) who have the right of permanent residence 
– as well as members of their family residing in the territory of the Republic of Poland;2) items 2–8.
Article 342 section 2 items 1-8 mention the following types of foreigners/non-nationals:
1) non-nationals – citizens of a Member State of the European Union, the Swiss Confederation, or a member state of the European Free Trade Association (EFTA) – parties to the Agreement on the European Economic Area, as well as members of their families residing in the territory of the Republic of Poland; 
<1a) non-nationals – citizens of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland referred to in Article 10 section 1 letter b or d of the Agreement on the withdrawal of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland from the European Union and the European Atomic Energy Community (OJ L 29 of 31.01.2020, p. 7, as amended), as well as members of their families residing in the territory of the Republic of Poland;> 2) non-nationals who have been granted a resident permit or EU long-term residents;3) non-nationals who have been granted a fixed-term residence permit pursuant to the circumstances referred to in Article 159 section 1 or Article 186 section 1 item 3 or 4 of the Act of 12 December 2013 on foreigners (Journal of Laws of the Republic of Poland of 2021, item 2354, as amended);
4) non-nationals who hold refugee status as granted by the Republic of Poland or who have been granted temporary protection in the territory of the Republic of Poland;
5) non-nationals – holders of certificates confirming their knowledge of Polish as a foreign language, referred to in Article 11a, section 2 of the Act of 7 October 1999 on the Polish language (Journal of Laws of the Republic of Poland of 2021, item 672), proving their proficiency in the Polish language at the level of at least C1;
6) holders of the Polish Charter (Karta Polaka) card or individuals having been given a decision on the determination of the Polish origin;
7) a non-national who is a spouse, an ascendant, or a descendant of a citizen of the Republic of Poland, living in the territory of the Republic of Poland;
8) a non-national who has been granted a fixed-term residence permit pursuant to the circumstances referred to in Article 151 section 1 or Article 151b section 1 of the Act of 12 December 2013 on foreigners, or residing in the territory of the Republic of Poland by benefiting from the short-term mobility of researchers on conditions defined in Article 156b section 1 of the said Act or holding a national visa issued for the purpose of conducting research or development work.

If you have any questions, please send them to: [email protected]